C and C++: Background, evolution and features
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Here we are with the second episode of the Technology section of our blog. The tech guys need to keep themselves updated. As the tech and computer science industry is evolving day by day. Everyday there are a lot of new things that are being added to the industry. As the industry is flourishing the people are also determinant to learn about all the new additions to the industry. Every tech baby wants to get introduced to a variety of new technologies and know a handful of techniques or programming languages in order to have a secure and successful career. So here we are to help, and to fulfill our promise of keeping you updated about the things that are hot.
Before C language
The C language was a great addition to the world of computer. It had a great impact on the computer world as it changed everything. While going through the history of computer world one can not underestimate the role of C language. Assembly code was used for creating systems before. There was a need of efficient and structured High level language as a result of which C was born.
Before the birth of C language, programmers had to choose between programming languages in which one language fulfill certain needs and skipped some other and vice versa. An example of it is, FORTRAN was used to write programs for scientific applications but was not a good choice for systems code. On the other hand BASIC was easy to learn but lack power and structure which made it questionable for large programs. While Assembly language was able to produce efficient programs but was not easy to use and debugging was quite a problem.
The main problem was that the computers at that time were not designed keeping in view the structured principles. They were based on GOTO as means of program control. This resulted in the code being tangled and almost difficult to understand. Jumps and conditions all tangled with one another made the code impossible to understand. No other language could prove to be a solution for all these problems. The need of a structured language like C was strongly being felt at that time. Much effort was being done by the programmers in their circles to make such a language. But a secondary force was needed. By the 1970s, the computers were common and reached a large number of people. Now the computers were not only limited to industry and bigger institutions. This proved to be very useful as it enabled the freedom to experiment. Programmers started to create their own tools. And finally all of the hard work succeeded and C came into existence.
Birth of C language
C language was a result of the development started from the language BCPL influenced by a language called B invented by Ken Thompson.
Dennis Ritchie invented the C language and implemented on a UNIX operating system.
C is known as the programmers language. Finally a language was created that fulfilled all the aspects that caused problem recently. A structured, efficient and powerful language was created. C language marked the beginning of the modern era of the computer world. Eventually C attracted many followers it was a language that was designed by the programmers and for the programmers.
Complexity created C++
Soon C language dominated the world of computer programming languages. And it was used widely uptill today C language is used extensively. C is a structured and efficient language. Well if C language has all what it takes to become a dominating programming language then why was C++ needed? What caused the creation of C++. The answer to these questions is complexity. Yes complexity created C++. The complexity of programs increased and there was a need to manage the complexity so C++ came into existence.
The main feature that C and C++ possess is the STRUCTURED APPROACH.
Object Oriented Programming (OOP)
The main reasons for the need of new programming languages was:
- The complexity of programs
- The length of programs
In the beginning we used to toggle binary machine instructions. This process was applicable only to programs with a few hundred instructions. As the length of the programs increased FORTRAN was introduced, when the length of the programs increased C came into existence. And so was C++ introduced. Soon when many programs started to push the structured language to its limits. A new method of programming was introduced known as the Object oriented programming. OOP organizes programs with the help of the following:
- Inheritance
- Encapsulation
- Polymorphism
Birth of C++
The limit of C language lies somewhere between 25,000 to 100,000 lines of code. To break this limit C++ was came into existence.
C++ was invented by Bjarne Stroustrap in 1979.
Initially C++ was named as 'C with classes' but later it was called C++. It possesses all the features of C language that is why C++ was successful. Bjarne Stroustrap invented the C language at the Bell Laboratories in New Jersey.
Rise of C++
In the 1990's, the object oriented programming language C++ was dominating the computer world. It was the language that was efficient and object oriented. It was a language that was able to create a wide variety of programs. It seemed a perfect language for the programmers.
- Inheritance
- Encapsulation
- Polymorphism
Birth of C++
The limit of C language lies somewhere between 25,000 to 100,000 lines of code. To break this limit C++ was came into existence.
C++ was invented by Bjarne Stroustrap in 1979.
Initially C++ was named as 'C with classes' but later it was called C++. It possesses all the features of C language that is why C++ was successful. Bjarne Stroustrap invented the C language at the Bell Laboratories in New Jersey.
Rise of C++
In the 1990's, the object oriented programming language C++ was dominating the computer world. It was the language that was efficient and object oriented. It was a language that was able to create a wide variety of programs. It seemed a perfect language for the programmers.
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